Nepal is one of the most beautiful landlocked country and the richest countries in terms of geographical, historical and climatic variation thereby having varieties of different ethnicity, culture, biodiversity and social norms and values or customs. The elevation of the country ranges from 60m above sea level to the highest point of earth, Mt. Everest at 8,848m. Within the average 192km width of the country, climatic condition ranges from sub tropical in the south to arctic in the north. This wide variation has fostered an incredible variety of ecosystem, the snowcapped mountain range on earth, thick sub-tropical jungles teeming with a wealth of wildlife, thundering rivers, forested hills and frozen valleys. Likewise, varieties of ethnic group found all over the country which have their own culture, tradition, history, norms and values which is different from other castes.
Nepal is a small Himalayan kingdom in between two big economic power of Asia, china in the north and India in the east, west and south with in the open boarder. It is roughly rectangular in shape with a total area of 1, 47,181 sq. kilometer. The absolute location of Nepal lies between 26 ᵒ 22’ to 30ᵒ 27’ north latitude and 80ᵒ 4’ to 88ᵒ 12’ east longitude. In fact, the whole nation can be regarded as the country of villages as there are more than 4000 villages located almost in all parts of the country distributing from south to north and from east to west. Nepal has an asset of about 25 million people, 6000 rivers, 5000 species of plant, and 175 species of mammals and so on. Nepal occupies only 0.03 percent of the total landmass of the world while 0.3 percent of the Asian continent. Nepal is a country having great natural beauty and is rich in biodiversity too. It is the home to 2 % of all the flowering plants in the world, 8% percent of the world’s population of birds ( more than 848 species), 4% of total mammals in earth, 11%of the world’s 15 families of butterflies (more than 500 species), 600 indigenous plant species, 319 species of exotic orchids( source: Traveler’s Information: NTB, 2007).